Globalization in the Last Three Millennia

It is believed that this phenomenon will grow as it is aided by the progressive reduction in barriers in the midst of countries and differences between consumers. Market globoseization, on the other hand, also depends on the behavior of companies. For example, Japanese producers have given a operative impulse in this direction by redefining products on a world basis (Balasubramanyam & Greenaway, 1992, p. 176). To obtain matched advantages in global industries, alone producers, including those in other countries, must be taken into account. Market integration means that choices in design, purchasing, and assignment of takings and distribution tasks must all be assumed and incorporate on a global scale to gain competitive advantages.

In global industries competitive advantages derive in overlarge part from the integration and coordination on an supranational scale of the unlike activities of the value chain, while in the so-called multi-domestic markets the competitive advantages be specific to each country and different local strategies ar adopted. In global strategy it is of vital importance to squinch total costs as well as design, production and distribution times (Mitchell, 1995, pp. 364-382).

Market globalization requires achievement of senior high school standards of exertion in quality, timeliness, total costs, and customer service. To reach these levels of performance simultaneously it is necessary to change and improve all the phases in

The choice of suppliers in international markets makes it possible to reduce costs and improve the quality of acquired materials. Finally, as further as production is concerned, the generation of economies of scale rear end be realized either through the concentration of all production activities or through the construction of a look of plants according to the logic of specialization. Production in decentralized plants stinker favor the attainment of various objectives: low cost, learning economies, the mental hospital of a company in foreign markets, the introduction of vernal products, and technical leadership (Gulati, 1995, pp. 85-112).

Gulati, R. (1995, February). Does familiarity breed trust? The implications of repeated ties for contractual choice in alliances.

Academy of Management Journal, 38(1), 85-112.

As far as the design and development phase is concerned, it is important to underscore how policies of product standardization make it possible to increase the building block production volumes of codes (raw materials and components), thus favoring the consolidation of "comakership" (DeToni & Zipponi, 1991, pp. 23-29). Often standardization takes ready within the wider framework of redefinition of the product, which requires its transformation from local to global, that is, its redesign in order to meet the needs of a world market. The identification of a segment of the global market, the redefinition of the product and the consolidation of the sources of impart have been indicated as strategic factors which, together with the already-mentioned environmental factors, kitty trigger off the globalization of an industry

Agreements and coalitions are much more important in the grounds of globalization than in the case of other strategies. They are used for several reasons: to reduce foundation and technology acquisition times, to reduce risks linked to research and initiation into new markets, and to create better economies of scale (Gulati, 1995, pp. 85-112).

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