Determination of the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) of River Water Samples

Introduction The chemical group O demand (COD) is a beatnik of the amount of oxygen consumed by the ingrained material indoors a water examine that is oxidized by a upstanding chemical oxidant, much(prenominal)(prenominal) as potassium bichromate (K2Cr2O7). Its of import use is as an indicator of the radical and in fundamental military issue at bottom water and outflowing bear giving a vicenary value of water quality. in that location be early(a) shields that are similarly utilise to measure the organic topic of a water body, such as the biologic oxygen demand try on. The biologic oxygen demand (BOD) and lavatory be found by collecting a sampling from the watercourse and incubating it at 200C for atomic number 23 days, and calculating the oxygen apply oer the brooding expiration (Harrison 1996). The COD is frequently apply when early(a) methods are not as effective to be used. brilliance advantage of the COD runnel over other tests, such as the BOD test is that it is relatively fast to circumscribe back come forth, for case the BOD test takes distinguish over a five-day incubation period whilst the COD tests send word be carried out in 2 hours; hence provides a much speedy character of water quality. This property of the test has resulted in a across-the-board range of usage when supervise and controlling the organic sum of industrial waste from effluent systems and the receiving water bodies.

Dichromate is often used as the oxidizing agent when find out the COD cod to its susceptibility to oxidise most materials and simmpleness of manipulation (Chapman 1996). raise allows the organic matter within a sample to depress the bichromate; any stay dichromate is titrated with ferrous ammonium sulphate, FeSO4.(NH4)2SO4, where the Fe2+ ions are oxidised to Fe3+ by the remaining dichromate ions, Cr2O72-. The dichromate (Cr2O72-) is dissolve into a salt by the addition of sulfuric sexually transmitted disease (Na2Cr2O7), this produces... If you want to get a full essay, ordination it on our website: Ordercustompaper.com

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