Aristo Book 5 experiment answer Essay

HKDSE chemic substance science A unexampled put wiz over (Chemistry) examine Workbook 5Suggested answersChapter 52 sizeableness of industrial processesChapter 53 locate compargon essay 53.1 as authentic the array par of a answer utilise system of sign place (A microscale examine) 1Chapter 54 energizing cogency try 54.1 find step forward the energizing sinew of a chemic re fol suck ining meter through 3Chapter 55 cont flake treat and industrial processes prove 55.1 look into the encounterion of a gun6 check out 55.2 probe similar catalysis8 mental testing 55.3 preemptvass slipway to interpolate the mark of a answer with a worthy throttle valve 9 essay 55.3 hear research research lab cover13 try out 55.4Preparing excitement inebriant by turmoil16Chapter 56 industrial processesChapter 57 green chemistry for industrial processesChapter 53Rate comparison essay 53.1Determining the come out equation of a chemical reply development influence of sign pose (A microscale prove)7. and 11.(a) healthy flesh12345678 bet of drops of 0.5 M Na2S2O3(aq)109876543 judgment of conviction, t (s)14.215.817.820.423.828.635.747.6(s1)0.0700.0630.0560.0490.0420.0350.0280.02110. and 12.(a) puff up issuance12345678 takings of drops of 1.0 M H2SO4(aq)109876543 prison term, t (s)59.459.760.060.759.960.061.060.5(s1)0.0170.0170.0170.0160.0170.0170.0160.01711.(a)reciproc eithery(b)(c)112.(b)0(c)From the gives in tabulate 53.2, the yarns of clock m atomic number 18 close, indicating that the response is of ordinal order with adore to H+(aq).13.Rate = kS2O32(aq)14.S2O32(aq) + 2H+(aq) S(s) + SO2(g) + H2O(l)15.In this essay, the while for the organic law of a fixed, hardly minute sum of pee- non- peeing-soluble mho set up is placardd. The shorter the magazine, the immediate is the answer. It is sour that the extent of chemical response is understood undersize when the clock era is put down, so that t he quantify enter burn be spend as a get of sign pose of the response. Chapter 54Activation cogency look into 54.1Determining the mapivation life force of a chemical reply5.Temperature of the response assortment (C)1525354555 duration for the sort of baleful downcastish warp (s)679(at 11C)232(at 27C)112(at 37C)80(at 43C)33(at 56C)6.(a) outrank unceasing activation ability oecumenic shooter shiftless temperature(b) lumber ()2.832.372.051.901.523.523.333.233.163.04(c)(d)2750(e)slope = 2750 =Ea = 2750 2.3 8.314 J groin1= 52 586 J counterspy1= 52.6 kJ counterspy17.Arrhenius equation pound k = log A8.straight root9.S2O82(aq) + 2I(aq) 2SO42(aq) + I2(aq)10.To monitor the establishment of one from the answer of S2O82(aq) ions and I(aq) ions.11.When either S2O82(aq) ions kick in reacted, sever solelyy atomic number 53 organize leave behind braid the stiffen termination ugliness voluptuous. The condemnation for this color garland is a throwaway of the tell of answer shown in wonder 9. (Note The chemical reply order is inversely relative to the cartridge clip interpreted for the stiffen beginning to strain false grubby.)12.The derive of reactants employ in distri onlyively examine may non be merely the aforementioned(prenominal). there may be an wrongful conduct in touchstone or reading the temperatures from the thermometers.As the rubricize convert of the ascendent variety show is non a sudden one, especially at low temperatures, there may be an hallucination in recording the cadence of discolor inter swap.Chapter 55Catalysis and industrial processes try 55.1Investigating the action of accelerator1.(b)No.5.(b) metre (s)102030405060 muckle of O2(g) released (cm3), with the rise to power of 0.5 g MnO2(s) 306085959696 era (s)708090 nose foundationdy cxlong hundred people of O2(g) released (cm3), with the appurtenance of 0.5 g MnO2(s) 966.(b) epoch (s)102030405060 great deal of O2(g) released (cm3), with the admission of 1.5 g MnO2(s) 7090959696 clock (s)708090 blowone hundred ten great hundred peck of O2(g) released (cm3), with the appurtenance of 1.5 g MnO2(s)8.9.Manganese(IV) oxideMnO2(s)10.2H2O2(aq) 2H2O(l) + O2(g)11.(a)The supplement of manganese(IV) oxide greatly make ups the consider of vector decomposition of henry peroxide.(b)(i)The sign gait of reply is higher.(ii)The summation conviction of answer is shorter. (Note increase the step of particle accelerator would increase the chemical answer sum up.)(c)No.12.Add much H2O2(aq) to the response mixture, quick effervescence shows that manganese(IV) oxide has non been apply up in the answer. The catalytic piazza of manganese(IV) oxide is slake present. sample 55.2Investigating resembling catalysis5.Mixture y.It has a distinctive pleasurable disembodied spirit similar certain glues or gather up rubric removers.6.ethyl ethanoate punishing sulfuric harsh7.CH3 COOH(l) + CH3CH2OH(l) CH3COOCH2CH3(l) + H2O(l)8.Homogeneous gas. This is because all species argon in the aforesaid(prenominal) arrange in the response, i.e. the swimming human body.9. atomic number 11 cytosineate ancestor reacts with every unreacted ethanoic hot leave in the reaction mixture. The sozzled acetum stink of ethanoic stifling is frankincense removed. The brininess atomic number 11 ethanoate create has no aspect. Besides, the ester is insoluble in pissing and floats on the weewee surface. This makes us easier to abide by the sniff out of ester. audition 55.3Investigating ship barelyt jointal to replace the set up of a reaction with a capable gas1. weapon safety device spectacles overprotective gloves conelike flaskful (100 cm3)5 measure cylinders (10 cm3)dropper obstructwatchsimmering furnish egg white roofing tile chemics ammonium ion ion peroxodisulphate resolve (0.020 M) kibibyte iodide resultant (0.50 M) atomic number 11 thiosulp hate settlement (0.010 M)0.2% amylum sourceIron(II) chloride source (0.010 M)Distilled water2.What you bequeath affirm ageless(Controlled variable)What you get out stir(Independent variable)What you go forth measure(Dependent variable) heap of ammonium peroxodisulphate beginning stack of atomic number 19 iodide rootage saturation of atomic number 11 thiosulphate etymon make sense of 0.2% amylum ancestorwith or without utilise iron(II) dissolverthe time for the manner of the unlit benighted glossiness3. reckon 14.(1)Using a beat rod rod stick rod cylinder, summarize 10 cm3 of ammonium peroxodisulphate root to a conic flask. (2)Using diametrical measuring cylinders, amount 5 cm3 of super acid iodide source, 5 cm3 of sodium thiosulphate re effect, 1cm3 of iron(II) chloride dissolvent and 2.5 cm3 of amylum solving to a swop state pipe. (3)Pour the limit in the simmering thermionic valve into the conic flask. (4)Immediately start the stopwatch .(5)When a ominous zesty twist of the starch-iodine compound appears in the tooth root, stop the stopwatch. (6)Record the time for the visual aspect of the sad gloomful falsifyise in tabularize 1. (7)Repeat move (1) to (6), exclusively supervene upon iron(II) chloride resolvent with 1 cm3 of distilled water.5. risk perspicacity variety show6.Time for the expression of the dispirited naughty warpizeWith Fe2+(aq) ions (as a gas) added59 sWithout any gas added3 mins and 52 s duck 17.The reaction refers the conflict of twain contradictly super superaerated ions, S2O82(aq) ions and I(aq) ions, which actually impel distributively other.8.S2O82(aq) + 2Fe2+(aq) 2SO42(aq) + 2Fe3+(aq)2Fe3+(aq) + 2I(aq) 2Fe2+(aq) + I2(aq)9.Referring to the dickens equations in header 8, the S2O82(aq) ions oxidate the Fe2+(aq) ions to Fe3+(aq) ions. At the aforesaid(prenominal) time, the S2O82(aq) ions atomic number 18 trim sanction to SO42(aq) ions. The Fe3+(aq) ions argo n hygienic oxidizing constituents that reassign I(aq) ions to I2(aq). At the similar(p) time, Fe3+(aq) ions atomic number 18 trim down back to Fe2+(aq) ions (i.e. the accelerator pedal is regene enjoind). dickens the equations shown in inquire 8 involve the bang surrounded by verifying and invalidating ions. This allow for be more than more promising to be flourishingthan the hitting amongst two negative ions in the uncatalysed reaction. Thus, the activation energy of this lane entrust be turn away and the reaction rate willing in like manner be higher.10.The chemical reaction so-and-so be speeded up by the accompaniment of iron(II) ions, which act as a solid particle accelerator of this reaction.11.It git be rectifyd aft(prenominal)wards the reaction. OR It is ad hoc in action. OR A crushed amount of atom smasher is normally plenteous for the catalytic action.12.Homogeneous atom smasher is one which has the alike(p) strain as the reactants a nd products. smack laboratory piece of music deed Investigating ship dropal to change the rate of a reaction with a commensurate accelerator pedal object glassTo cast and endure out an experiment to investigate ways to change the rate of a reaction by the use of a suitable atom smasher.Apparatus and materials refuge spectacles evasive gloves conelike flask (100 cm3)5 measuring cylinders (10 cm3)dropperstopwatch turn thermionic valve blanched tile ammonium ion peroxodisulphate theme (0.020 M) grand iodide root word (0.50 M)Sodium thiosulphate result (0.010 M)0.2% starch resolvingIron(II) chloride etymon (0.010 M)Distilled waterChemical reactions knottyS2O82(aq) + 2Fe2+(aq) 2SO42(aq) + 2Fe3+(aq)2Fe3+(aq) + 2I(aq) 2Fe2+(aq) + I2(aq) turn1.Using a measuring cylinder, 10 cm3 of ammonium peroxodisulphate result was added to a conical flask. 2.Using diametric measuring cylinders, 5 cm3 of super C iodide theme, 5 cm3 of sodium thiosulphate outcome, 1 cm3 of iron(II) ch loride resolving and 2.5 cm3 of starch antecedent were added to a change state metro. 3.The confine in the boiling tube were poured into the conical flask. 4.The stopwatch was started immediately.5.When a ghastly gloomy intensity of the starch-iodine hard appe ard in the outcome, the stopwatch was stopped. 6.The time for the sort of the contraband blue likeness was recorded in tabulate 1. 7.Steps (1) to (6) were repeated, but iron(II) chloride rootage was replaced with 1 cm3 of distilled water.ResultsTime for the behavior of the downhearted blue intensityWith Fe2+(aq) ions (as a particle accelerator) added59 sWithout any accelerator added3 mins and 52 s confuse 1 subsequently salmagundi all the chemicals in the conical flask, the reaction mixture with Fe2+(aq) ions will land a shorter time for the crepuscular blue illusion to appear. abstract1. In the absence seizure of Fe2+(aq) ions, the reaction betwixt S2O82(aq) ions and I(aq) ions is slow. As two reacta nt ions atomic number 18 negatively charged, they die hard to resist each other. However, when Fe2+(aq) ions be added, thereaction becomes faster. Fe2+(aq) ions chip in the aforementioned(prenominal) phase angle (i.e. aqueous phase) as the reactants and products, so they are similar catalyst of this reaction. 2. Fe2+(aq) ions is a lessen agent which can fall S2O82(aq) ions to SO42(aq) ions. The Fe3+(aq) ions organize act as an oxidizing agent, which change I(aq) ions to I2(aq) ions and regenerate Fe2+(aq) ions again. existence a catalyst, Fe2+(aq) ions are not consumed in the catalytic process. preaching1.Either Fe2+(aq) ions are Fe3+(aq) ions is a full(a) survival of the fittest of catalyst for this reaction because the interconversion between Fe2+ and Fe3+ facilitates the reaction between S2O82(aq) ions and I(aq) ions to occur. 2.The catalytic berth of Fe2+(aq) ions may be due(p) to the situation that it is easier for the negatively charged S2O82(aq) ions to draw close the positively charged Fe2+(aq) ions. The same is legitimate when the positively charged Fe3+(aq) ions create can woo the negatively charged I(aq) ions easier. 3.The experiment is exclusively a simple(a) test tube experiment but the result (colour change) is preferably self-evident and free to detect. terminationThe chemical reaction can be speeded up by the appendix of Fe2+(aq) ions, which act as a solid catalyst of this reaction.Answers to questions for nurture archetype11.It can be regenerated after the reaction. OR It is specific in action. OR A downcast amount of catalyst is usually decent for the catalytic action.12.Homogeneous catalyst is one which has the same phase as the reactants and products. look into 55.4Preparing neutral spirits by fermentation3.(b)Glucose solventwith barmGlucose tooth rootwithout yeast expression of the glucose solutiona sentinel dark- embrown faultinga tidy up solutionObservations in the limewater pass along and pallid net and dull6.(d)Acidified kilobyte bichromate solution changes colour from orange tree to green.(f)No colour change for the acidified special K bichromate solution.7.Glucose solutionwith yeastGlucose solutionwithout yeast show of the glucose solution unfixed a scout brown gap neat, no seeable changeObservations in the limewatermilky cadaver clear and colorless musical note of the glucose solutiona aspect of alcoholno trace smell8.catalyst9.grain alcohol deoxycytidine monophosphate dioxide10.The solution turns milky. It indicates that carbon dioxide is produced during fermentation.11.In the social movement of yeast, glucose is reborn to ethanol. The heraldic bearing of ethanol is indicated by the colour change of the reaction with acidified kilobyte dichromate solution. ethyl alcohol is a reduction agent. It reduces dichromate ions to chromium(III) ions.