Classes, control and saving Essay Example for Free

Classes, control and saving Essay This section is a grouping of elements influencing various forms of power control. The specification highlights three device power classes possible for Bluetooth radios that are related to the power range of the transmitter: †¢ Class 1 is 100mW and up to about 100m range †¢ Class 2 is 2. 5mW and up to about 20m range †¢ Class 3 is 1mW and up to about 10m range Radios are subject to environmental influences and the Class 3 range of up to 10 meters is more likely to be 5 meters when furniture or people are in proximity of the radio. This form of power control is provided to cut down on interference with other devices in the ISM band and obviously help prolong battery life (see â€Å"Bluetooth: Goodbye Infrared†). The second form of power control is on the receiver side of a Bluetooth device. To enable all classes to communicate in a Piconet without damage to the RF front ends of the lower power classes, a method for controlling Class 1 device transmitter power is required. Transmit power control is mandatory above 4 dBm, below this level i. e. all Class 2 and 3 modules it is optional. To implement a power control link the remote device must implement a Receive Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI). For a transceiver wishing to take part in a power controlled link it must be able to measure its own receiver signal strength and determine if the transmitter on the other side of the link should increase or decrease its output power level. The RSSI makes this possible. Power control is specified is as a golden receive power, defined as a range with a low limit and a high limit. The RSSI must have a minimum dynamic range equal to this range. The RSSI must have an absolute accuracy of  ±4dB or better when the receiver signal power is –60 dBm. In addition, a minimum range of 20. 6 dB must be covered, starting from –60 dB and up. The instructions to alter the transmitter power are carried in the Link Manager Protocol (LMP) link (see â€Å"Bluetooth: Goodbye Infrared†). The last form of power control relates to the power consumption. The Hold, Sniff and Park modes are power saving modes set out in the specification aiming to preserve battery consumption. The Hold mode is typically used when a master is establishing a link with a new device and requires the other slaves to temporarily halt their transmissions. The Sniff mode puts slaves into a low duty cycle mode of operation but is still an active member of the Piconet and the master can only transmit after a ‘sniff’ interval. In Park mode slaves enters a low duty cycle mode of operation and are no longer active members of the Piconet (see â€Å"Bluetooth: Goodbye Infrared†). B. Applications and Profiles. Undeniably the ideal candidate for the first wave of applications will inevitably be based on mobile cellular technology, but what other applications can be realised using Bluetooth technology? The specifications outline a wireless technology that is as cost effective as the cable it replaces and aim to balance reliability, resilience, convenience and low power. The short-range connections of data and voice could mean the emergence of applications suitable for: ? Access points allowing mobile devices connection to services e.g. telephone network (PSTN) or LAN services. ? Mobile phone link to Laptop PCs ? Mobile phone connections to wireless headsets ? PDA, palmtop and desktop PC inter accessibility for file and data synchronisation. The Bluetooth core specification describes the protocol, but the Profiles document enhances this by setting out a number of profiles for applications and defining the way a number of services operate e. g. a file transfer profile defines how devices exchange data files. The profile document aids applications development, describing implementation schemes and highlights parts of the core Bluetooth protocol supporting the profile. Profiles supported are outlined in Figure 6; they are depicted grouped together. Each profile is built upon the one underneath, attaining their features from the lower profiles. The result of this approach gives the profiles a similar look and feel for user recognition. Plus developers can recycle modules for speeding up development time and reducing costs (see â€Å"Bluetooth Technology: What are the Applications? †). A wireless headset for a mobile phone is an application example using the profiles. It uses the Headset profile as its core specification. In Figure 6 the Headset profile is built from the Serial Port Profile (SPP) and the Generic Access Profile (GAP). The GAP being the base of all profiles, it defines the generic procedures related to device discovery and link management (see â€Å"Bluetooth Technology: What are the Applications? †). Figure 6: Bluetooth Profiles.